Current Issue : October - December Volume : 2012 Issue Number : 4 Articles : 8 Articles
Objective. To examine the effect of acute and short-term (~1 week) aerobic exercise training on plasma adiponectin levels in inactive,\nabdominally obese men.Materials andMethods. Inactive and abdominally obese men (n = 38, waist circumference =102 cm)\nrecruited from Kingston, Canada were randomly allocated to perform three bouts of aerobic treadmill exercise at either low\n(50% VO2 peak) or high (75% VO2 peak) intensity during a 1-week period. Blood samples were taken before and after the first\nexercise session and 24ââ?¬â??72 hours following the completion of the final exercise session. Results. Adiponectin levels were elevated\nimmediately following an acute bout of exercise at both high and low intensities (High: 5.79Ã?±0.42 versus 5.05Ã?±0.41 ug/mL; Low:\n5.24 Ã?± 0.44 versus 4.37 Ã?± 0.44 ug/mL, P < 0.05) and remained elevated following 30 minutes of rest. In comparison to baseline,\nadiponectin levels were also elevated 24ââ?¬â??72 hours following the final exercise session (High: 5.47 Ã?± 0.48 versus 4.88 Ã?± 0.48 ug/mL;\nLow: 5.18Ã?±0.49 versus 4.47Ã?±0.49 ug/mL,P < 0.05). Conclusion. Both acute and short-term aerobic exercise result in a significant\nincrease in plasma adiponectin levels in inactive, abdominally obese men independent of intensity...
This pilot study evaluated the impact of Bikram Yoga on subjective and objective sleep parameters.We compared subjective (diary)\nand objective (headband sleep monitor) sleep measures on yoga versus nonyoga days during a 14-day period. Subjects (n = 13)\nwere not constrained regarding yoga-practice days, other exercise, caffeine, alcohol, or naps. These activities did not segregate by\nchoice of yoga days. Standard sleep metrics were unaffected by yoga, including sleep latency, total sleep time, and percentage of time\nspent in rapid eye movement (REM), light non-REM, deep non-REM, or wake after sleep onset (WASO). Consistent with prior\nwork, transition probability analysis was a more sensitive index of sleep architecture changes than standard metrics. Specifically,\nBikram Yoga was associated with significantly faster return to sleep after nocturnal awakenings. We conclude that objective home\nsleep monitoring is feasible in a low-constraint, real-world study design. Further studies on patients with insomnia will determine\nwhether the results generalize or not....
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This study assessed the applicability of a four-level physical activity index, developed from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, to rank Hong Kong Chinese according to their physical activity 197 healthy participants were interviewed with the EPIC physical activity questionnaire (EPIC-PAQ) and the Hong Kong Physical Activity Questionnaire (HKPAQ). Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) was measured using indirect calorimetry and Total Energy Expenditure (TEE) was estimated using the HKPAQ. Physical activity ratio was calculated as a ratio of estimated TEE to measured BMR. The four-level physical activity index, namely inactive, moderately inactive, moderately active, and active, derived using the EPIC-PAQ was compared with the corresponding physical activity ratio. Reproducibility of the EPIC-PAQ was assessed with participants completed the EPIC-PAQ twice with at least 14-day interval. There was significant trend across the physical activity index with the calculated physical activity ratio. Participants with higher physical activity ratio were categorized with physical activity index (rs=0.205, p=0.004). The reproducibility of the EPIC-PAQ was high (weighted kappa = 0.7, p<0.0001). The physical activity index derived by the EPIC-PAQ may be a reasonable measure to rank the physical activity level of Hong Kong Chinese....
Background: Urban Palestinians have a high incidence of coronary heart disease, and alarming prevalences of\r\nobesity (particularly among women) and diabetes. An active lifestyle can help prevent these conditions. Little is\r\nknown about the physical activity (PA) behavior of Palestinians. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of\r\ninsufficient PA and its socio-demographic correlates among urban Palestinians in comparison with Israelis.\r\nMethods: An age-sex stratified random sample of Palestinians and Israelis aged 25-74 years living in east and west\r\nJerusalem was drawn from the Israel National Population Registry: 970 Palestinians and 712 Israelis participated. PA\r\nin a typical week was assessed by the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) questionnaire. Energy\r\nexpenditure (EE), calculated in metabolic equivalents (METs), was compared between groups for moderate to\r\nvigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA), using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, and for domain-specific prevalence\r\nrates of meeting public health guidelines and all-domain insufficient PA. Correlates of insufficient PA were assessed\r\nby multivariable logistic modeling.\r\nResults: Palestinian men had the highest median of MVPA (4740 METs-min*wk-1) compared to Israeli men (2,205\r\nMETs-min*wk-1 p < 0.0001), or to Palestinian and Israeli women, who had similar medians (2776 METs-min*wk-1).\r\nTwo thirds (65%) of the total MVPA reported by Palestinian women were derived from domestic chores compared\r\nto 36% in Israeli women and 25% among Palestinian and Israeli men. A high proportion (63%) of Palestinian men\r\nmet the PA recommendations by occupation/domestic activity, compared to 39% of Palestinian women and 37%\r\nof the Israelis. No leisure time PA was reported by 42% and 39% of Palestinian and Israeli men (p = 0.337) and 53%\r\nand 28% of Palestinian and Israeli women (p < 0.0001). Palestinian women reported the lowest level of walking.\r\nConsidering all domains, 26% of Palestinian women were classified as insufficiently active versus 13% of Palestinian\r\nmen (p < 0.0001) who did not differ from the Israeli sample (14%). Middle-aged and elderly and less educated\r\nPalestinian women, and unemployed and pensioned Palestinian men were at particularly high risk of inactivity.\r\nSocio-economic indicators only partially explained the ethnic disparity.\r\nConclusions: Substantial proportions of Palestinian women, and subgroups of Palestinian men, are insufficiently\r\nactive. Culturally appropriate intervention strategies are warranted, particularly for this vulnerable population...
The present study was carried out to assess the nutritional status, physical fitness and nutritional knowledge of dancers. 50 dancers between the age ranges of 18-35 years without any kind of illness were selected as subjects. Out of which 25 were males and 25 were females belong to different dance forms. Their height and weight were measured to assess their present nutritional status by using BMI (body mass index). All participants underwent selected fitness assessments tests (pushups; sit-ups; rope skip; sit and reach, shoulder flexibility; hand grip strength; balance) to measure the endurance; flexibility; strength; balance and agility. A questionnaire about their nutritional knowledge administrated to them. Obtained scores of BMI, fitness tests and nutritional knowledge questionnaire were analyzed and compared with the standard score chart. Males scored higher in endurance (pushups=26.68) and (sit ups=25.68); balance (31.24) and agility (46.84) than females (endurance; pushups=17.00 and sit ups=17.00; balance= 28.28 and agility= 42.32) whereas females scored higher only in strength (hand grip test= 39.31) and nutritional knowledge (69.80) as compared to males (strength= 45.29 and nutritional knowledge =57.32). Male only had less strength than females. Both were flexible have low risk of injury. But on the basis of the results of other components female were more prone to be injured and had less ability to control their body, more unable to perform power movements and also fatigue early than males. Both the sexes not fulfilled the criteria of the good fitness level. But on the basis of the results it may be concluded that male dancers were found more physically fit than female dancers even they had normal body weight and good knowledge of nutrition. Female dancers were more conscious about their figure and dieting as compared to physical fitness which directly affected with their daily diet and male dancers gave preference to their physical fitness and physique. Most of the male dancers used to work out in gym before or after the practice session....
Obesity is a medical condition in which there is accumulation of excess fat leading to serious health hazards and reduced life expectancy. It is a leading preventable cause of increasing mortality and morbidity worldwide and has proved to be a global threat of 21st century. Pharmaceutical industries have been investing crores of rupees for development of anti-obesity agent but till date none of them have proved to be worthwhile in curbing the increasing epidemic of obesity. Recent advances made in understanding the mechanism of food intake and energy expenditure have made significant contribution in identifying potential targets for obesity treatment. Research on novel targets for obesity treatment may possibly help to curb the menace of obesity. As the current drug therapies pose serious adverse effects, the search for a novel drug continues....
The practice of yoga asanas (postures) may be an optimal method of preserving or enhancing physical function\n \n\n\n \n \nnot been well studied. The Yoga Empowers Seniors Study (YESS) is an intervention development study that created\ntwo senior-adapted series of asanas targeted for an ambulatory older population. YESS is using biomechanics\nand physical performance tests to acquire information about the physical demands placed on the muscles and\njoints by the asanas and the functional performance adaptations resulting from the yoga practice. This manuscript\n \n \nparticipants had physical limitations. This presentation will enable the yoga research and teaching communities to\ninterpret the biomechanics, physical performance and side effects outcomes of YESS....
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